Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Volume 53, Issue 1 , Pages 113-119 , July 2011

Revision of the ADA-classification of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2): The importance of maturity onset diabetes (MOD), and senile diabetes (DS)

Received 22 February 2010 ,Revised 22 June 2010 ,Accepted 26 June 2010.

References 

  1. ADA (American diabetes Association) . Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:1183–1197
  2. ADA (American diabetes Association) . Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2010;33:S62–S69
  3. Agalliu I, Salinas CA, Hansten PD, Ostrander EA, Stanford JL. Statin use and risk of prostate cancer: results from a population-based epidemiologic study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008;168:250–260
  4. Bouhaha R, Choquet H, Meyre D, Abid Kamoun H, Ennafaa H, Baroudi T, et al. TCF7L2 is associated with type 2 diabetes in nonobese individuals from Tunisia. Pathol. Biol. (Paris). 2009;March 13 (Epub ahead of print)
  5. Burwinkel B, Shanmugam KS, Hemminki K, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Sutter C, et al. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) variant is associated with familial breast cancer risk: a case–control study. BMC Cancer. 2006;6:268
  6. Capri M, Salvioli S, Sevini F, Valensin S, Celani L, Monti D, et al. The genetics of human longevity. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2006;1067:252–263
  7. Carnazzo G, Rosso D, Di Stefano F, Corrao G, Giarelli L, Bussani R, et al. Pathological lesions in senile diabetes: possible pathogenetic interpretations. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 1996;22(Suppl. 1):239–244
  8. Cauchi S, Vaxillaire M, Choquet H, Durand E, Duval A, Polak M, et al. No major contribution of TCF7L2 sequence variants to maturity onset of diabetes of the young (MODY) or neonatal diabetes mellitus in French white subjects. Diabetologia. 2007;50:214–216
  9. Cauchi S, El Achhab Y, Choquet H, Dina C, Krempler F, Weitgasser R, et al. TCF7L2 is reproducibly associated with type 2 diabetes in various ethnic groups: a global meta-analysis. J. Mol. Med. 2007;85:777–782
  10. Cauchi S, Choquet H, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R, Capel F, Grau K, Proença C, et al. Effects of TCF7L2 polymorphisms on obesity in European populations. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008;16:476–482
  11. Dahlgren A, Zethelius B, Jensevik K, Syvänen AC, Berne C, Cohort ULSAM. Variants of the TCF7L2 gene are associated with beta cell dysfunction and confer an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the ULSAM cohort of Swedish elderly men. Diabetologia. 2007;50:1852–1857
  12. Doria A, Wojcik J, Xu R, Gervino EV, Hauser TH, Johnstone MT, et al. Interaction between poor glycemic control and 9p21 locus on risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 2008;300:2389–2397
  13. Doria A, Patti ME, Kahn CR. The emerging genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes. Cell Metab. 2008;8:186–200
  14. Duan QL, Dubé MP, Frasure-Smith N, Barhdadi A, Lesperance F, Théroux P, et al. Additive effects of obesity and TCF7L2 variants on risk for type 2 diabetes among cardiac patients. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1621–1623
  15. European Diabetes Working Party for Older People 2001–2004 . Clinical Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 2004;
  16. Field SF, Howson JM, Smyth DJ, Walker NM, Dunger DB, Todd JA. Analysis of the type 2 diabetes gene, TCF7L2, in 13,795 type 1 diabetes cases and control subjects. Diabetologia. 2007;50:212–213
  17. Florez JC. Newly identified loci highlight beta cell dysfunction as a key cause of type 2 diabetes: where are the insulin resistance genes?. Diabetologia. 2008;51:1100–1110
  18. Folsom AR, Pankow JS, Peacock JM, Bielinski SJ, Heiss G, Boerwinkle E. Variation in TCF7L2 and increased risk of colon cancer: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:905–909
  19. Gavin JR. New classification and diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 1998;1:3
  20. Grant RW, Meigs JB. Prevalence and treatment of low HDL cholesterol among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: an unmet challenge for cardiovascular risk reduction. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:479–484
  21. Grant SF, Thorleifsson G, Reynisdottir I, Benediktsson R, Manolescu A, Sainz J, et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat. Genet. 2006;38:320–323
  22. Grant RW, Moore AF, Florez JC. Genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes: recent progress and clinical implications. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1107–1114
  23. Guo T, Hanson RL, Traurig M, Muller YL, Ma L, Mack J, et al. TCF7L2 is not a major susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians: analysis of 3501 individuals. Diabetes. 2007;56:3082–3088
  24. Hales CN, Barker DJ, Clark PM, Cox LJ, Fall C, Osmond C, et al. Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64. Br. Med. J. 1991;303:1019–1022
  25. Haupt A, Staiger H, Schäfer SA, Kirchhoff K, Guthoff M, Machicao F, et al. The risk allele load accelerates the age-dependent decline in beta cell function. Diabetologia. 2009;52:457–462(Epub 2009 January 27)
  26. Helgason A, Pálsson S, Thorleifsson G, Grant SF, Emilsson V, Gunnarsdottir S, et al. Refining the impact of TCF7L2 gene variants on type 2 diabetes and adaptive evolution. Nat. Genet. 2007;39:218–225
  27. International Diabetes Federation . Diabetes Atlas Second Edition. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2003;www.eatlas.idf.org
  28. Ionescu Tirgoviste C. What can we expect from genetic analysis of type 2 diabetes in the near future?. Int. J. Metab. 2005;by Fax 8, 28. http://www.servier.com/Pro/Diabetes/JournalByFax/AllIssues.aspx
  29. Ionescu Tirgoviste C. TCF7L2: a new piece in the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Metab. 2007;by Fax, 10, 9. http://www.servier.com/Pro/Diabetes/JournalByFax/AllIssues.aspx.
  30. Jin T, Liu L. The Wnt signaling pathway effector TCF7L2 and type II diabetes mellitus. Mol. Endocrinol. 2008;22:2383–2392
  31. Kovacs P, Berndt J, Ruschke K, Klöting N, Schön MR, Körner A, et al. TCF7L2 gene expression in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue is differentially regulated but not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 2008;57:1227–1231
  32. Köttgen A, Hwang SJ, Rampersaud E, Coresh J, North KE, Pankow JS, et al. TCF7L2 variants associate with CKD progression and renal function in population-based cohorts. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2008;19:1989–1999
  33. Lango H, Palmer CN, Morris AD, Zeggini E, Hattersley AT, McCarthy MI, et al. Assessing the combined impact of 18 common genetic variants of modest effect sizes on type 2 diabetes risk. Diabetes. 2008;57:3129–3135
  34. Lio D, Malaguarnera M, Maugeri D, Ferlito L, Bennati E, Scola L, et al. Laboratory parameters in centenarians of Italian ancestry. Exp. Gerontol. 2008;43:119–122
  35. Liu Z, Habener JF. Glucagon-like peptide-1 activation of TCF7L2-dependent Wnt signaling enhances pancreatic beta cell proliferation. J. Biol. Chem. 2008;28:8723–8735
  36. Lombardo A, Oliva G, Scornavacca G, Cacciola R, Motta M, Coppolino I, et al. Diabetes in the elderly: remarks from an epidemiological study carried out in a town in south-eastern Sicily (Militello V.C.). Acta Diabetol. 1990;27:231–242
  37. Lyssenko V, Lupi R, Marchetti P, Del Guerra S, Orho-Melander M, Almgren P, et al. Mechanisms by which common variants in the TCF7L2 gene increase risk of type 2 diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 2007;117:2155–2163
  38. Lyssenko V, Jonsson A, Almgren P, Pulizzi N, Isomaa B, Tuomi T, et al. Clinical risk factors, DNA variants, and the development of type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008;359:2220–2232
  39. McBean AM, Li S, Gilbertson DT, Collins AJ. Differences in diabetes prevalence, incidence, and mortality among the elderly of four racial/ethnic groups: whites, blacks, hispanics, and asians. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2317–2324
  40. Motta L, Carnazzo G. Senile Diabetes. Lecture at 95° Congress of Italian Society of Internal Medicine. Rome: Pozzi; 1994;pp. 7–79
  41. Motta M, Bennati E, Cardillo E, Ferlito L, Passamonte M, Vacante M, et al. A combination of glycosylated hemoglobin, impaired fasting glucose and waist circumference is effective in screening for individuals at risk for future type 2 diabetes. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2010;50:105–109
  42. Motta M, Bennati E, Capri M, Ferlito L, Malaguarnera M. Diabetes mellitus in the extreme longevity. Exp. Gerontol. 2008;43:102–105
  43. Motta M, Bennati E, Ferlito L, Passamonte M, Malaguarnera M. Insulin-resistance (IR) in older age. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2008;46:203–209
  44. Motta M, Bennati E, Ferlito L, Passamonte M, Cardillo E, Malaguarnera M. A review on the actual trends of insulin treatment in elderly with diabetes. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2008;47:151–161
  45. Motta M, Bennati E, Cardillo E, Ferito L, Malaguarnera M. Pathogenesis of senile diabetes. Ind. J. Med. Res. 2008;128:225–227
  46. Motta M, Bennati E, Ferlito L, Passamonte M, Malaguarnera M. Value and significance of new diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus in older people. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2007;45:103–108
  47. Motta M, Bennati E, Ferlito L, Passamonte M, Branca S, Motta L, et al. Cardio-cerebrovascular complications in elderly with diabetes. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2007;44:261–269
  48. Motta M, Malaguarnera M, Ferrari E, Mauro VN, Ferrucci L, Rapisarda R, et al. Genealogy of centenarians and their relatives: a study of 12 families. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2007;45:97–102
  49. Motta M, Bennati E, Ferlito L, Malaguarnera M. Diabetes mellitus in the elderly: diagnostic features. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2006;42:101–106
  50. NDDG (National Diabetes Data Group) . Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes. 1979;28:1039–1057
  51. Pearson ER, Donnelly LA, Kimber C, Whitley A, Doney AS, McCarthy MI, et al. Variation in TCF7L2 influences therapeutic response to sulfonylureas: a GoDARTs study. Diabetes. 2007;56:2178–2182
  52. Poulsen P, Grunnet LG, Pilgaard K, Storgaard H, Alibegovic A, Sonne MP, et al. Increased risk of Type 2 diabetes in elderly twins. Diabetes. 2009;58:1350–1355
  53. Qu HQ, Grant SF, Bradfield JP, Kim C, Frackelton E, Hakonarson H, et al. Association analysis of type 2 diabetes Loci in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2008;57:1983–1986
  54. Ravelli GP, Stein ZA, Susser MW. Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 1976;295:349–353
  55. Rijsewijk F, Schuermann M, Wagenaar E, Parren P, Weigel D, Nusse R. The Drosophila homolog of the mouse mammary oncogene int-1 is identical to the segment polarity gene wingless. Cell. 1987;50:649–657
  56. Rosso D, Carnazzo G, Giarelli L, Motta L, Maugeri D. Atherosclerosis and pancreatic damage. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2001;32:95–100
  57. Saxena R, Gianniny L, Burtt NP, Lyssenko V, Giuducci C, Sjögren M, et al. Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in TCF7L2 are reproducibly associated with type 2 diabetes and reduce the insulin response to glucose in nondiabetic individuals. Diabetes. 2006;55:2890–2895
  58. Saxena R, Voight BF, Lyssenko V, Burtt NP, de Bakker PIW, Chen H, et al. Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels. Science. 2007;316:1331–1336
  59. Schinner S, Willenberg HS, Schott M, Scherbaum WA. Pathophysio-logical aspects of Wnt-signaling in endocrine disease. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2009;160:731–737
  60. Selvin E, Coresh J, Brancati FL. The burden and treatment of diabetes in elderly individuals in the U.S. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2415–2419
  61. Shu L, Matveyenko AV, Kerr-Conte J, Cho JH, McIntosh CH, Maedler K. Decreased TCF7L2 protein levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus correlate with downregulation of GIP- and GLP-1 receptors and impaired beta-cell function. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2009;18:2388–2399
  62. Signorelli S, Motta L, Polosa P. Attualità in tema di diabete mellito umano. Arch. Med. Mutual. 1970;58:1;(in Italian)
  63. Smith U. TCF7L2 and type 2 diabetes—we WNT to know. Diabetologia. 2007;50:5–7
  64. Solerte SB, Fioravanti M, Ferrari E. Clinical complexity of diabetes mellitus during old age. G. Gerontol. 2003;51:431–435
  65. Sousa AG, Marquezine GF, Lemos PA, Martinez E, Lopes N, Hueb WA, et al. TCF7L2 polymorphism rs7903146 is associated with coronary artery disease severity and mortality. PLoS One. 2009;174:e7697
  66. Stolerman ES, Manning AK, McAteer JB, Fox CS, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, et al. TCF7L2 variants are associated with increased proinsulin/insulin ratios but not obesity traits in the Framingham Heart Study. Diabetologia. 2009;52:614–620
  67. Tong Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Liu H, et al. Association between TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a large human genome epidemiology (HuGE) review and meta-analysis. BMC Med. Genet. 2009;10:15
  68. Tong Z, Yang Z, Patel S, Chen H, Gibbs D, Yang X, et al. Promoter polymorphism of the erythropoietin gene in severe diabetic eye and kidney complications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2008;105:6998–7003
  69. Von Naunyn, B., 1898. “Der Diabetes Mellitus”. Vienna. In: Historiae illustreè du diabete de l’antiquitè a nos jours. R. Dacosta, Paris, 1987.
  70. Welters HJ, Kulkarni RN. Wnt signaling: relevance to beta-cell biology and diabetes. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2008;19:349–355
  71. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1047–1053
  72. WHO (World Health Organization) . In: 2nd ed.. WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. Technical Report Series. vol. 646:Geneva: WHO; 1980;p. 9–14
  73. Zeggini E, McCarthy MI. TCF7L2: the biggest story in diabetes genetics since HLA?. Diabetologia. 2007;50:1–4
  74. Zeggini E, Scott LJ, Saxena R, Voight BF, Marchini JL, Hu T, et al. Meta analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes. Nat. Genet. 2008;40:635–645

PII: S0167-4943(10)00182-2

doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.06.017

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Volume 53, Issue 1 , Pages 113-119 , July 2011

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution